Dr. Faustus as a Man of Renaissance
Dr. Faustus as a Man of Renaissance
Introduction
The
Renaissance, meaning "rebirth," was a transformative period in
European history marked by a shift from religious dogma to a desire for
unlimited knowledge, materialistic pursuits, and individualism. Christopher
Marlowe's play, Dr. Faustus, embodies the spirit of the Renaissance
through its portrayal of the titular character as a Renaissance man. In this
article, we will explore the various aspects of Dr. Faustus's character that
align with the ideals of the Renaissance, including his hunger for knowledge,
linguistic prowess, intellectual pursuits, longing for material prosperity, and
his fascination with power.
Hunger for Knowledge
One
of the defining characteristics of the Renaissance was a thirst for knowledge
and a rejection of the intellectual decline of the Dark Ages. Dr. Faustus
epitomizes this aspect of the Renaissance as he has achieved complete knowledge
in various fields, including law, medicine, and philosophy. However, despite
his vast knowledge, Faustus feels unfulfilled and dissatisfied, leading him to
turn to necromancy. His desire for infinite knowledge resonates with the
Renaissance's thirst for intellectual growth and discovery.
"Couldst
thou make men to live eternally?" - Dr. Faustus
Linguistic Prowess
In
addition to his extensive knowledge, Dr. Faustus also possesses linguistic
prowess, another hallmark of the Renaissance. He is well-versed in Latin, a
language that was highly valued during this period. Faustus's soliloquy at the
beginning of the play showcases his command over Latin:
"Bene disserere est finis logices. Ubi desinit philosophus, ibi incipit medicus. Summum bonum medicinae sanitas." - Dr. Faustus
His ability to engage in intellectual discourse in Latin further establishes him as a Renaissance man.
Intellectual Pursuits
The
Renaissance was a time of great intellectual exploration and curiosity. Dr.
Faustus embodies this aspect of the era as he constantly seeks to expand his
knowledge and push the boundaries of what is considered possible. However, his
pursuit of supernatural means, such as necromancy, to enhance himself goes
against the Renaissance concept of the "Great Chain of Being." This
concept emphasizes the proper proportion of the four elements of life in every
existing thing. Faustus's attempt to exceed his limits by selling his soul to a
demon disrupts this balance.
"Had
I as many souls as there be stars; I'd give them all for Mephostophilis."
- Dr. Faustus
Longing for Material Prosperity
The
Renaissance brought about a love for materialistic pursuits and a desire for
worldly pleasures. Dr. Faustus's yearning for material prosperity aligns with
this aspect of the era. He desires wealth, signiority, and the most beautiful
German maid as his wife. His longing for Helen, whom he sees as the epitome of
beauty, further showcases his passion for sensual pleasure. These desires
reflect the Renaissance's focus on the visible world and the pursuit of beauty.
"Of wealth! Why the signiority
of Embden shall be mine." - Dr. Faustus
Questioning the Afterlife
The
Renaissance marked a shift in focus from the afterlife to the present world. It
was a time of increased secularism and a rejection of old religious beliefs.
Dr. Faustus raises questions about the existence of pain after death and
dismisses them as "trifles and mere old wives tales." This rejection
of traditional beliefs and interest in the visible world align with the
secularism of the Renaissance.
"That,
after this life, there is any pain?" - Dr. Faustus
Moral Corruption
The
Renaissance was not without its flaws, and moral corruption was prevalent
during this period. Dr. Faustus's actions reflect this aspect of the era. He
sells his soul for the ability to perform foolish acts, such as humiliating the
pope and engaging in magical shows for dukes and kings. His deceitful
practices, such as selling a false horse, highlight the moral corruption that
existed during the Renaissance.
"Faustus sells his soul just
for doing nothing but foolish acts." - Dr. Faustus
Fascination with Power
Supreme
power was a fascination of the Renaissance, and Dr. Faustus is no exception. He
sees himself as a magician who can attain god-like status through his
abilities. His desire to gain deity status and his belief that a "sound
magician is a mighty God" showcase his fascination with power. This thirst
for supremacy aligns with the Renaissance's interest in the acquisition of
power and influence.
"Here,
Faustus tire thy brains to gain a deity." - Dr. Faustus
Conclusion
The
character of Dr. Faustus in Christopher Marlowe's play embodies the spirit of
the Renaissance. Through his hunger for knowledge, linguistic prowess,
intellectual pursuits, longing for material prosperity, questioning of the
afterlife, moral corruption, and fascination with power, Faustus represents the
various aspects of this transformative era. Despite the consequences he faces,
Faustus's character serves as a reflection of the Renaissance ideals and the
desire for limitless exploration and self-enhancement.
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